Solar Power 101 Guide – Ideal Aussie (2025)
How Does a Solar System Work?
Advantages & Disadvantages of Solar Energy
Benefits
- Free power from sun
- Saves electricity bills
- Works in remote areas
- Increases home value
- Green and clean energy
Benefits
- High initial cost
- Less power on cloudy days
- Needs rooftop space
- Battery storage is costly
- Not all roofs are suitable
Solar Panels – The Heart of the System
Panels turn sunlight into electricity using PV (photovoltaic) technology. Electricity made is DC and later converted into usable AC through the inverter.
Solar panels mainly have silicon cells, glass, metal frame, and wiring. Silicon cells capture sunlight and turn it into electricity. The glass protects cells, while the metal frame keeps everything strong and steady under weather conditions.
Solar panels are made from:
Silicon Cells – Convert sunlight
Glass Cover – Protects from weather
Aluminium Frame – Provides structure
Backsheet & Coating – Prevents damage and improves output
Silicon cells absorb sunlight and create electric current. The glass layer protects the cells from rain, dust, and heat. The metal frame holds the panel together and helps in mounting it on roofs or ground. Wiring connects panels to the rest of the solar system for power flow.
Cells absorb sunlight
Glass protects
Backsheet insulates
Busbars carry current
Coating improves light capture
Each part works together to generate and protect power flow.
There are mainly three types: Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline, and Thin-film. Monocrystalline panels are efficient but costlier, made from single silicon crystals. Polycrystalline is cheaper with slightly less efficiency. Thin-film panels are lightweight and flexible but less common in homes.
Monocrystalline
- High efficiency
- Works well in less sunlight
- Premium cost, sleek design
Polycrystalline
- More affordable
- Slightly lower efficiency
- Best for large roof space
Thin Film
- Lightweight, flexible
- Low efficiency
- Not commonly used for homes
Inverters change the direct current (DC) from solar panels into alternating current (AC) used in homes. They also monitor system performance and improve safety. Without an inverter, solar power can’t be used directly for household appliances.
String Inverter
- Common and budget-friendly
- One unit handles all panels
- Good for unshaded roofs
Microinverter
- One inverter per panel
- Works better if panels face different angles or have shade
- Higher cost, better output
Power Optimiser
- Mix of both string & micro
- Boosts each panel’s output
- Ideal where partial shade happens
Panel Mounting & Racking System
The mounting and racking system keeps solar panels fixed firmly on your roof or ground. It protects panels from strong winds and heavy rain, while allowing you to adjust the angle to catch the most sunlight. This system is very important for the safety and efficiency of your solar setup.
- Supports the panel structure securely
- Helps adjust the tilt for maximum sunlight
- Protects panels during storms and harsh weather
- Ensures long-lasting stability all year round
Monitoring System
A monitoring system lets you track your solar energy easily through a mobile app or display. You can see how much energy is produced, used, and saved every day. This helps you manage electricity better, spot problems early, and improve system performance. Knowing your system’s status helps save money and ensures smooth operation.
- Real-time energy tracking
- User-friendly mobile access
- Early fault detection
Battery Storage
Battery storage saves extra solar power for use at night or during power cuts. Though it increases initial cost, it provides reliable backup power anytime. Batteries help you use solar energy fully, reduce reliance on the electricity grid, and keep your home running smoothly even when the sun isn’t shining. It adds independence and peace of mind to your solar system.
- Stores excess solar power
- Provides backup during outages
- Reduces grid dependence
- Improves energy reliability
Things to Check Before Buying Solar
Before buying a solar system, check your roof’s size, direction, and how much power you use daily. Look for available government rebates and make sure the product has a good warranty and quality. Always choose trusted brands and experienced installers.
- Roof direction and space
- Daily electricity needs
- Govt rebates or subsidies
- Warranty, product quality
- Installer’s background
How to Find a Trusted Installer
To get the best results, take quotes from 2–3 solar companies. Check if they are CEC-approved and read customer reviews on Google. Compare their product quality, warranties, and service. A reliable installer ensures safe and long-lasting solar setup.
- Get 2–3 quotes for comparison
- Look for CEC-approved installers
- Check genuine customer reviews
- Compare service and warranty